Li was encountered by the first emperor of China Qin Shi Huang from the nearby capital city of Xianyang, according to a lost Late Han source, the San Qinji (三秦記, ′Record of the Three Qin′), and scholars believe this "nymph" should be identified with Lishan Laomu. Ī divine woman or "nymph" (神女) associated with the hot spring west or northwest of Mt. The Later Han ( Eastern Han) compilation Han shu stated that the "Lady of Li Mountain" once ruled as the Child of Heaven between the Shang(17th-11th cent. Li, who married a western barbarian chieftain named Xuxuan ( 胥轩) Xuxuan then swore fealty to Zhou dynasty China and guarded the Western March ( 西陲), thus bringing the western peoples (the xirong 西戎) under control. The older text, the Shiji from the Former Han period, states that the Marquis of Shen ( 申候), ruler during the Zhou dynasty had a certain woman ancestor born at Mt. The historical figure is recorded in the Shiji ( Records of the Grand Historian) and Hanshu ( The Book of Han). However recent scholars have skeptically labeled it as conjecture without firm proof. 1907), who insisted the personage was real and not fictional. A certain woman of Lishan living at the end of the Shang dynasty has been proposed as a historical prototypeby a late Qing dynasty scholar Yu Yue (d. The ancient origins of Lishan Laomu appears lost to "time immemorial". The Lishan Laomu legend consists of an accretion of a number of stories about her. Lishan Laomu is one of the more popular nüxian ( 女仙, ′female celestial/immortal′) revered in the Chinese folk religion or Taoist belief. Legends Mount Li Escaping the Heat, hanging scroll, color on silk ( Yuan Jiang, 1702) Her origins are said to derive from Nüwa, the legendary creator and mother goddess. She is a popular female immortal in the Taoist pantheon, and a high-ranking one according to some late sources. 'The Old Mother of Mount Li') is the goddess of Mount Li in Chinese religion.
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